Monday, January 29, 2024

What Is Cybercrime? What Are The Types Of Cybercrime? What Is Cyberlaw In India?

What is cyber crime?

Cybercrime is the use of computers & networks to perform illegal activities such as spreading viruses,online  bullying,performing unauthorized electronic fund transfers etc. Most cyber crimes are committed through the internet.
Some cyber crime also be carried out using mobile phones via Sms and online chatting applications.

TYPES OF CYBERCRIME

The following list presents the common types of cybercrimes-

1-Computer Fraud-Intential deception for personal gain via the use of computer system.

2-Privacy Violations-Exposing personal information such as email addresses,phone numbers,account details etc, on social media,websites,etc.

3-Identity theft-Stealing personal information from somebody and impersonating that person.

4-Sharing copyright files/information-This involves distributing copyright protected files such as eBooks and computer program etc.

5-Electronic funds transfer-This involves gaining an unauthorized access to bank computer networks and making illegal funds transferring.

6-Electronic money laundering-This involves the use of the computer to launder money.

7-Atm fraud-This involves intercepting ATM card details such as account numbers and PIN numbers.These details are then used to withdraw funds from the intercepted accounts.

8-Denial of service attack-This involves the use of computers in multiple locations to attack servers with a view of shutting them down.

9-Spam:sending unauthorized emails.
These emails usually contain advertisements.


CYBER LAW

Under The Information Technology Act,2000 
CHAPTER XI-OFFENCES-66. Hacking with computer system.

1-whoever with the Intent to cause or knowing that he is likely to cause Wrongfull Loss or Damage to the public or any person Destroys or Deletes or Alter any Information Residing in computer Resource or diminishes its value or utility or affects it injuriously by any means, commits hack.

2-whoever commits hacking shell be punished with imprisonment up to three years, or  with fine which may extend up to two lakh rupees,or with both.

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Sunday, January 28, 2024

Learning Resources For Hacking And Pentesting


In this article, I'm going to provide you a list of resources which I have found very useful. I don't remember all of them from top of my head so I might miss some. This list will be updated on usual basis. Hope you'll find some good stuff to learn. If you have got suggestions leave them down below in the comments section.

Free Hands on Labs:

1. Hack The Box - live machines to hack your way around. Besides boxes they have awesome challenges and great labs to try out.
2. TryHackMe - great way to learn pentesting while doing it. Lots of machines to hack and lots of ground to cover.
3. Portswigger Web Security Academy - learn web application pentesting.

Free Training (Mostly Introductory stuff):

1. Tenable University - training and certification on Nessus etc.
2. Palo Alto Networks - Palo Alto Networks offers an abundance of resources to prepare for there certifications. The training is free but the exams cost.
3. Open P-TECH - has an introductory course on Cybersecurity Fundamentals.
4. IBM Security Learning Academy - has many courses but focused on IBM security services and 
products.
5. Cisco Networking Academy - not all courses are free but Introduction to Cybersecurity and Cybersecurity Essentials are free.
6. AWS Training and Certification - has some free cloud security training courses.
7. Metasploit Unleashed - Free Online Ethical Hacking Course - Offensive Security's free online course on metasploit.
8. Coursera and Edx - you already know about them.

Blogs:

1. HackTricks - This is simply an awesome blog just visit it and you'll fall in love.
2. pentestmonkey - I visit it most of the time for one-liner reverse shells they are awesome.

Writeups:

1. 0xdf

YouTube:

1. ippsec - an awesome YouTube channel with tons of information in every video. New video comes out weekly as soon as the machine on hackthebox expires. https://ippsec.rocks for video searching
2. xct - short walkthroughs on hackthebox machines.
3. Cristi Vlad - advice and content on pentesting and python.
4. LiveOverflow - reverse engineering on steroids.
5. SANS Pen Test Training - SANS institute webinars and talks.
6. VbScrub - great pentesting videos.
7. BinaryAdventure - great pentesting and reverse engineering videos.
8. GynvaelEN - great videos and talks about CTFs and pentesting.

GitHub Repos:

1. PayloadsAllTheThings - heaven of hackers.
2. Pentest Monkey - reverse shells and more.

Continue reading


TOP ANDROID HACKING TOOLS OF 2018

An Android remote administration tool (RAT) is a programmed tool that allows a remote device to control a smartphone as if they have physical access to that system. While screen sharing and remote administration have many legal uses, "RAT" software is usually associated with the unauthorized or malicious activity. I have streamlined here top android hacking tools of 2018.

TOP ANDROID HACKING TOOLS OF 2018

Here are the most advanced in functionality top android hacking tools of 2018.

1. DROIDJACK

DroidJack gives you the power to establish control over your beloveds' Android devices with an easy to use GUI and all the features you need to monitor them. It has many advanced features that you can perform over the remote smartphone. DroidJack is one of the top lists as it also has the functionality to read/write WhatsApp messages.

You can also follow a step by step tutorial on how to hack smartphone remotely using droidjack.

2. OMNIRAT

OmniRAT is the super powerful multi-OS remote administration tool that can a smartphone either using a smartphone or using a Windows or Mac PC. It has a huge list of features that make it very powerful. It can make calls through that smartphone remotely. It's completely fully undetectable.

3. ANDRORAT

AndroRat is a client/server application developed in Java Android for the client side and in Java/Swing for the Server. The name AndroRat is a mix of Android and RAT (Remote Access Tool). It was developed as a project by the university students, which works great for hacking into Android devices.

You can also follow a step by step tutorial on how to hacking a smartphone remotely using androrat.

4. SPYNOTE

SpyNote is a lightweight Android remote administration tool (RAT) to hack into a smartphone device remotely. It gives you the power to establish control over Android devices with an easy to use GUI and all the features you need to monitor them. Build a custom APK or bind the payload to an already existing APK such as a game or social media app.

You can also follow a step by step tutorial on how to hack any android phone remotely with spynote.

5. AHMYTH

AhMyth is a powerful android remote administrator tool that gives you the power to establish control over your beloveds' android devices with an easy to use GUI and all the features you need to monitor them.

These are all the top android hacking tools of 2018. There are also many other rats but these are the most advanced in tech and features. There may appear few more that can compete these and make a place to be in the top android list.

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Fast Emulator For Shellcodes In Rust

I have developed a fast emulator for modern shellcodes, that perform huge loops of millions of instructions emulated for resolving API or for other stuff.

The emulator is in Rust and all the few dependencies as well, so the rust safety is good for emulating malware.  

There are shellcodes that can be emulated from the beginning to the end, but when this is not possible the tool has many features that can be used like a console, a memory tracing, register tracing, and so on.

https://github.com/sha0coder/scemu



In less than two seconds we have emulated 7 millions of instructions arriving to the recv. 

At this point we have some  IOC like  the ip:port where it's connecting and other details.

Lets see what happens after the recv() spawning a console at position: 7,012,204


target/release/scemu -f shellcodes/shikata.bin -vv -c 7012204



In the console, pressing "enter" several times to emulate  step into several steps and we arrive to a return instruction.


Let's see the stack in this moment:


The "ret" instruction is going to jump to the buffer read with recv() so is a kind of stager.

The option "-e" or "--endpoint" is not ready for now, but it will allow to proxy the calls to get the next  stage automatically, but for now we have the details to get the stage.


SCEMU also identify all the Linux  syscalls for 32bits shellcodes:



The encoder used in shellgen is also supported https://github.com/MarioVilas/shellgen

Let's check with cobalt-strike:


We can see where is connecting and which headers is using, so right now we can replicate the communications.



In verbose mode we could do several greps to see the calls and correlate with ghidra/ida/radare or  for example grep the branches to study the emulation flow.


target/release/scemu -f shellcodes/rshell_sgn.bin -vv | grep j


target/release/scemu -f shellcodes/rshell_sgn.bin -vv -c 44000 -l


The -l --loops options makes the emulation a bit slower but track the number of iterations.

Is possible to print all the registers in every step with  -r or --registers  but also is possible to track  specific register for example with --reg esi


target/release/scemu -f shellcodes/shikata.bin --reg esi 


In this case ESI register points to the API name, if we track EAX or ECX will see that are the counters of the loop. These shellcodes  contains a hard loop to locate the API names.

The flag -i or --inspect allow to monitor memory using expressions like "dword ptr [eax + 0xa]"

target/release/scemu -f shellcodes/shikata.bin -i 'dword ptr [esi]'

And more things to come...  find a demo below:

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=qTYmMjW3DFs





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